THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS DECEMBER 1ST 1962 DUKE OF EDINBURGH

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The Illustrated London News: UKĀ  Magazine
Available from Tilleys Vintage Magazines and Comics Sheffield Est 1978

 

 

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THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS DECEMBER 1ST 1962 DUKE OF EDINBURGH

PRELIMINARY ADVERTISING PAGES INTACT BUT FOLDED OVER THE SHOW FRONT PAGEĀ 

Ā MAGAZINE BIGGER THAN A4 SIZE

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Ā  CONDITION :Ā  GENERALLYĀ  GOOD , SOME ISSUES MAY HAVE COVER SOILING , RUSTED STAPLES ,Ā  SPINE WEAR/TEAR . INNER PAGES CLEAN
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Ā THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS

UK MAGAZINE

Illustrated London News - front page - first edition.jpg

The Illustrated London NewsĀ founder Herbert Ingram was born in Boston, Lincolnshire, in 1811, and opened a printing, newsagent, and bookselling business inĀ NottinghamĀ around 1834 in partnership with his brother-in-law, Nathaniel Cooke.[2]Ā As a newsagent, Ingram was struck by the reliable increase in newspaper sales when they featured pictures and shocking stories. Ingram began to plan a weekly newspaper that would contain pictures in every edition.[3]

Ingram rented an office, recruited artists and reporters, and employed as his editorĀ Frederick William Naylor BayleyĀ (1808ā€“1853), formerly editor of theĀ National Omnibus. The first issue ofĀ The Illustrated London NewsĀ appeared on Saturday, 14 May 1842, timed to report on the youngĀ Queen Victoria‘s first masquerade ball.[4]Ā Its 16 pages and 32Ā wood engravingsĀ covered topics such as the war inĀ Afghanistan, theĀ Versailles rail accident, a survey of the candidates for theĀ US presidential election, extensive crime reports, theatre and book reviews, and a list of births, marriages, and deaths. Ingram hired 200Ā men to carry placards through the streets of London promoting the first edition of his new newspaper.[5]

Jumbo‘s Journey to the Docks (The Illustrated London News, 1 April 1882)

CostingĀ sixpence, the first issue sold 26,000 copies. Despite this initial success, sales of the second and subsequent editions were disappointing. However, Ingram was determined to make his newspaper a success, and sent every clergyman in the country a copy of the edition that contained illustrations of the installation of theĀ Archbishop of Canterbury, and by this means secured a great many new subscribers.

Its circulation soon increased to 40,000, and by the end of its first year was 60,000. In 1851, after the newspaper publishedĀ Joseph Paxton‘s designs forĀ the Crystal PalaceĀ before evenĀ Prince AlbertĀ had seen them, the circulation rose to 130,000. In 1852, when it produced a special edition covering the funeral of theĀ Duke of Wellington, sales increased to 150,000; and in 1855, mainly due to the newspaper reproducing some ofĀ Roger Fenton‘s pioneering photographs of theĀ Crimean WarĀ (and also due to the abolition of theĀ Stamp ActĀ that taxed newspapers), it sold 200,000 copies per week.[5]

Competitors soon began to appear;Ā Lloydā€™s Illustrated PaperĀ was founded later that year, whileĀ Reynold’s NewspaperĀ opened in 1850; both were successful Victorian publications, albeit less successful thanĀ The Illustrated London News.[6]Ā Andrew Spottiswoode’sĀ Pictorial TimesĀ lost Ā£20,000 before it was sold to Ingram by Henry Vizetelly, who had left theĀ ILNĀ to found it.[7]Ā Ingram folded it into another purchase,Ā The Lady’s Newspaper, which becameĀ The Lady’s Newspaper and Pictorial Times. Vizetelly was also behind a later competitor,Ā Illustrated TimesĀ in 1855, which was similarly bought out by Ingram in 1859.[citation needed]

Ingram’s other early collaborators left the business in the 1850s. Nathanial Cooke, his business partner and brother-in-law, found himself in a subordinate role in the business and parted on bad terms around 1854. The departure of William Little was in 1858; in addition to providing a loan of Ā£10,000, he was the printer and publisher of the paper for 15 years. Little’s relationship with Ingram deteriorated over Ingram’s harassment of their mutual sister-in-law.[2]

Herbert Ingram died on 8 September 1860 in aĀ paddle-steamer accidentĀ onĀ Lake Michigan, and he was succeeded as proprietor by his youngest son,Ā William Ingram, who in turn was succeeded by his son, SirĀ Bruce IngramĀ (1877ā€“1963) in 1900, who remained as editor until his death.

By 1863,Ā The Illustrated London NewsĀ was selling more than 300,000 copies every week, enormous figures in comparison to other British newspapers of the time. The death of Herbert and his eldest son left the company without a director and manager. Control passed to Ingram’s widow Ann, and his friend Sir Edward William Watkin, who managed the business for 12 years. Once Ingram’s two younger sons, William and Charles, were old enough, they took over as managing directors, although William took the lead.[2]

This was also a period of expansion and increased competition for theĀ ILN. As reading habits and the illustrated news market changed, theĀ ILNĀ bought or established a number of new publications, evolving from a single newspaper to a larger-scale publishing business. As with Herbert Ingram’s purchases in the 1850s, this expansion was also an effective way of managing competition ā€“ dominating markets and buying out competing ventures. As with the acquisitions of the 1850s, several similar illustrated publications were established in this period by former employees ofĀ The Illustrated London News.

Serious competition for theĀ ILNĀ appeared in 1869, with the establishment ofĀ The Graphic, a weekly illustrated paper founded by W. L. Thomas. Thomas was a former wood engraver forĀ The Illustrated London News, and brought his expertise in illustrated publishing to his new magazine.Ā The GraphicĀ was highly popular, particularly for its coverage of theĀ Franco-Prussian WarĀ in 1870, and was well regarded among artists;Ā Vincent van GoghĀ was a particular admirer.[8]

William Ingram became chief proprietor ofĀ The Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic NewsĀ (est. 1874), andĀ The Lady’s Pictorial, which may have been a later title ofĀ The Lady’s Newspaper and Pictorial Times.[4]Ā The Penny Illustrated Paper, aimed at a working-class readership, was established by the news company shortly after Ingram’s death in 1861 in response to the abolition of stamp and paper taxes, which made cheaper publications possible.Ā The Penny Illustrated PaperĀ ran until 1913.[9]

In 1893, theĀ ILNĀ establishedĀ The Sketch, a sister publication that covered lighter news and society events with the same focus on illustration. From this point, the name of the company changed to the Illustrated London News and Sketch Ltd.

In 1899,Ā ILNĀ editorĀ Clement ShorterĀ left the paper to found his own publication,Ā The Sphere, which published its first issue on 27 January 1900. Ingram andĀ The Illustrated London NewsĀ responded by establishing a competing magazine,Ā The Spear, which appeared two days beforeĀ The SphereĀ on 25 January 1900. The name was deliberately chosen to confuse and siphon off readers, and advertisements forĀ The SphereĀ emphasised the difference between the magazines: “S-P-H-E-R-Eā€¦ you may be offered something else you don’t want”[10][11]Ā While editor of theĀ ILN, Clement Shorter had been instrumental in the establishment and publication ofĀ The Sketch. In 1903, he establishedĀ The TatlerĀ as a similar sister publication forĀ The Sphere, with a similar focus on illustrated culture and society news. With the departure of Shorter, the role of editor of theĀ ILNĀ was taken over by Bruce Ingram, the 23-year-old grandson of the paper’s founder.

Cover of 20 February 1915 issue

Bruce Ingram was editor ofĀ The Illustrated London NewsĀ and (from 1905)Ā The Sketch, and ran the company for the next 63 years, presiding over some significant changes in the newspaper and the publishing business as a whole.

Photographic and printing techniques were advancing in the later years of the 19th century, andĀ The Illustrated London NewsĀ began to introduce photos and artwork into its depictions of weekly events. From about 1890,Ā The Illustrated London NewsĀ made increasing use of photography. The tradition of graphic illustrations continued, however, until the end of World War I. Often, rough sketches of distant events with handwritten explanations were supplied by observers and then worked on by artists in London to produce polished end products for publication. This was particularly the case where popular subjects such as colonial or foreign military campaigns did not lend themselves to clear illustration using the limited camera technology of the period. By the 1920s and 1930s, the pictures that dominated each issue of the magazine were almost exclusively photographic,[12]Ā although artists might still be used to illustrate in pictorial form topics such as budgetry expenditure or the layout of coal mines.[13]

In 1928, a major business merger hadĀ Illustrated London NewsĀ move to new headquarters at Inveresk House, 1 Aldwych, (also known as 364 Strand), London, whereĀ The Illustrated London NewsĀ andĀ The SketchĀ were united with six of their former competitors under the parent company, Illustrated News Ltd. As eight of the largest titles in illustrated news, these were newly dubbed the ‘Great Eight’ publications.Ā The Illustrated London News, the flagship publication, was supported by sister publicationsĀ The Sketch,Ā The Sphere,Ā The Tatler,Ā The Graphic,Ā The Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News,Ā The Bystander, andĀ Eve.[14]Ā With the exception ofĀ The Tatler, these publications remained as part of Illustrated News Ltd. until their closure at various times in the 20th century.

The centenary ofĀ The Illustrated London NewsĀ in 1942 was muted due to wartime conditions, including restrictions on the use of paper. The occasion was marked in the paper with a set of specially commissioned colour photographs of the royal family, including the future Queen Elizabeth.[15]Ā By the time of his death in 1963, Ingram was a major figure in the newspaper industry, and the longest-standing editor of his day.

In the postwar period, print publications were gradually displaced from their central position in reporting news events, and circulation began to fall for all the illustrated weeklies. Many of the Great Eight publications were closed down after theĀ Second World War;Ā The Sketch,Ā The Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News, andĀ The SphereĀ all ceased publication in these years.

In 1961, Illustrated Newspapers Ltd was bought by International Thomson, headed byĀ Roy Thomson, a Canadian newspaper mogul.Ā The SphereĀ ceased publication in 1964, whileĀ The TatlerĀ was sold in 1968 (it was later to be revived and relaunched in 1977). With circulation figures continuing to fall,Ā The Illustrated London NewsĀ switched from weekly to monthly publication in 1971, with a new focus on in-depth reporting and selective coverage of world events. This strategy continued into the late 1980s, when the paper reduced its frequency to four issues a year.

In 1985,Ā The Illustrated London NewsĀ and the archives of the Great Eight publications were sold toĀ Sea Containers, an international transport corporation headed byĀ James Sherwood. Along with the Illustrated London News Group, Sea Containers operated theĀ Orient ExpressĀ and Great North-Eastern Railways, and a range of luxury hotels. As part of this activity, Illustrated London News Group launched a luxury travel and lifestyle magazine,Ā Orient Express.

In 1994, publication ofĀ The Illustrated London NewsĀ was reduced further to two issues a year, and the publishing activity of the Illustrated London News Group focused increasingly on theĀ Orient ExpressĀ magazine. After publishing its last Christmas number in 2001,Ā The Illustrated London NewsĀ was relaunched in 2003 under the editorship of Mark Palmer, which ran for one issue before finally ceasing publication for good.

The Illustrated London News Group underwent a management buy-out in 2007, and was re-established as Illustrated London News Ltd. From 2007, it has continued its activity as an independent content and creative agency. In 2007, the formerĀ Orient ExpressĀ magazine was relaunched asĀ Sphere, a luxury lifestyle and travel magazine. In addition to its independent publications, Illustrated London News Ltd now acts as a content agency for various other luxury and heritage organisations.

Illustrated London News Ltd also manages and curates the newspaper and business archive ofĀ The Illustrated London NewsĀ and the Great Eight publications, publishing short books and magazines of historical content from the Great Eight publication archives. In 2010, the company digitised the entire back catalogue ofĀ The Illustrated London News, and in 2014 began digitalizing the remaining seven publications in the Great Eight.[16]Ā To mark the centenary of the First World War in July 2014, ILN Ltd launched illustratedfirstworldwar.com, a free historical resource funded by theĀ Heritage Lottery Fund. The entire run of the Great Eight publications between 1914 and 1918 is available on this site.[17]

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